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Geography
Turkey includes the large peninsula
of Western Asia (known as both Asia Minor and Anatolia) and
the European section west of the Bosphorous strait (called Thrace).
It covers an area of 783,500 square kms (300,000 square miles)
which is roughly equivalent to the size of Texas or the countries
of Spain and Italy together. To the south and west are the Mediterranean
and Aegean Seas respectively and to the north is the Black Sea.
In clockwise order, Turkey shares borders with Greece, Bulgaria,
Georgia, Armenia, Iran, Iraq, and Syria. Nineteen mountains
are over 4,100 meters (13,800 feet) high; of them Mt. Ararat
(Agri Dag) is the highest at 5,073 meters (16,910 feet). Both
the Tigris and the Euphrates Rivers (Dicle and Firat) have their
source in Anatolia.
Economy
The economy of the country is
based on agriculture, industry, tourism and natural resources.
Population
The current population of Turkey
is over 65 million people, 65% of them live in cities. Over
half the population is under the age of 20.
Transportation
Inter-city transportation is by
airlines, trains and ferries but by far the most convenient
and economical transport is by taking one of the modern and
comfortable buses that travel almost everywhere in the country.
Within towns and cities, cost-shared taxis (dolmus) and normal
taxis are easily available.
Climate
Turkey has a typically hot and
sunny Mediterranean Climate, but it can get cold at night.
Shopping
Turkey has many Bazaars and shops.
The Turkish Carpets are very beautiful and are quite valuable
as they are handwoven with unique designs and made with wool
& silk, coloured with natural dyes and pigments. Each region
of Turkey has its own design and the silk carpets (kilms) are
of course the most valuable. Some of them can take one weaver
up to eighteen months to make. Leather and jewelry (gold and
silver) are also favourite purchases. In Turkey you can haggle
to get the prices down and you will find that there is something
to be found within anyone's budget.
Cuisine
Turkish Cuisine is one of the
best in the world. It has a wide variety of dishes and is very
healthy as well as delicious.
Tipping
Tipping is customary at hotels
and restaurants and for tour guides and drivers.
Religion
99% of the Turkish Population
is Muslim although they are generally not as strict as most
of their Muslim neighbours. Turkey is a secular republic which
grants freedom of worship.
Visas & Passports
Visas & PassportsVisas are required from many countries
to visit Turkey. Prior to departure you must check with the
appropriate Embassy or Consulate in your country of residence.
For US citizens, no prior request is necessary, but a visa must
be purchased upon arrival in Turkey. This is normally issued
before going through passport control and is valid for 90 days.
Please ensure your passport has at least 3 months validity before
you enter the country
Health & Vaccinations
In general Turkey is a pretty
healthy country to travel in although many people experience
stomach upsets. It is best to drink bottled water and take the
usual precautions over food hygiene. We recommend that you have
the following vaccinations: Diptheria & Tetanus, Polio,
Hepatitis A, Typhoid, Hepatitis B, Rabies and you may want to
take Malaria Tablets if you are travelling to Eastern Turkey.
You should take out travel/health insurance before you leave
home.
Time Difference
Turkey is seven hours ahead of Eastern Standard Time and two hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time.
Money/Bank
The currency used in Turkey is
the Turkish Lira. Although all credit cards are accepted throughout
Turkey, Visa and Master Card are most commonly used. Automated
teller machines are normally available in larger cities. It
is important to know that your PIN number must be all numerals,
(no letters), and that the money dispensed will be in Turkish
Lira. Throughout Turkey, banking hours are 8.30am - 12.00pm
and 1.00pm - 5.00pm Monday to Friday. Commission and exchange
rates vary from bank to bank. Commission rates typically remain
within 1% to 3%. Money exchange bureaus usually offer a good
rate for cash, while hotels are as good a place as any to cash
travellers checks. Please note that a passport is required when
exchanging travellers checks for large amounts of cash.
Post Offices
Post Offices are easily identified
by their bright yellow facades and PTT (Postal, Telegraph, and
Telephone) signs. The main post offices in the large cities
are open Monday to Saturday 8.00am - 9.00pm and 9.00am - 7.00pm
on Sunday. Smaller post offices are open Monday to Saturday
from 8.30am to 5.00pm. Postal fees fluctuate according to inflation
rates. The cost of mailing postcards and letters is minimal.
Calling the US from Turkey
As throughout the world, hotels
in Turkey apply heavy service fees to international phone calls.
Therefore, we recommend using a long distance calling card.
Although your calling card will be billed for the call, the
hotel will assess a nominal fee for connecting you with the
international operator.
Clothing
Turkey is an informal country.
Comfortable, casual clothing is appropriate to wear throughout.
Comfortable clothes and sensible walking shoes are advisable
to wear during sightseeing. You will be required to remove your
shoes upon entering a mosque. Keep in mind that shorts, short
skirts or bare shoulders are not allowed in the mosques, and
that a head covering for women, although not required, is greatly
appreciated.
Electricity
220 Volts. In Turkey, electrical
appliances manufactured in the U.S. require the use of a standard
two-prong adaptor. A converter is also needed if the appliance
does not have dual voltage as the voltage varies between 110V
and 220V at 50Hz. However, many hotels are equipped with 110V
outlets for such items as shavers, and are clearly marked "For
Shavers Only." As the voltage in the U.S. is considerably
lower (110V), the use of high wattage appliances such as blow
dryers should not be attempted.
What is expensive and what
is cheap in Turkey
As a general rule, anything sold in Turkey
that is imported is quite expensive.
Camera film, toiletries and anything electrical are expensive.
Whereas cigarettes, local alcohol (vodka, gin and raki), leather,
carpets, clothes, sunglasses, silver and gold jewellery are
cheap.
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